Are portable energy storage devices enough?

While portable energy storage devices have fueled the portable information era, they are insufficient for meeting the demands of future electronic devices. Time constraints also arise during usage after charging. Large-sized energy storage devices are employed as distributed power sources alongside renewable energy sources.

Do portable electrochemical storage devices need recharging?

While energy storage devices can address these limitations, portable electrochemical storage devices necessitate frequent recharging or replacement. While portable energy storage devices have fueled the portable information era, they are insufficient for meeting the demands of future electronic devices.

How to fabricate a stable integrated energy module?

To fabricate a stable integrated energy module, the energy storage system needs to be optimized at 3.0 V, and sufficient current is stored to provide ample electricity. Consequently, a sulfur battery (with a charging potential <3.0 V) was employed for the energy storage part of the integrated energy module.

What is integrated energy module design?

The combination of an energy harvesting device and an energy storage cell results in the realization of an integrated energy module design. This module has the potential to function as a sufficient energy source with internal storage for surplus energy.

What is a high photoelectric storage efficiency (PSE) module?

A novel integrated energy module is presented, which demonstrates a high photoelectric storage efficiency (PSE). This module comprises a perovskite solar cell (PSC) as the energy converter and a lithium‑sulfur battery (LSB) as the storage unit.

Can energy conversion and storage improve semi-permanent use of portable electronics?

A promising approach to overcome this limitation is the integration of energy conversion and storage devices, thereby enabling semi-permanent usage of portable electronics. A novel integrated energy module is presented, which demonstrates a high photoelectric storage efficiency (PSE).